Mary
Revelation 12:1-6
And a great sign appeared in heaven: A woman clothed with the sun, and the moon under her feet, and on her head a crown of twelve stars... And she brought forth a man child, who was to rule all nations.
Context of the passage
John's apocalyptic vision presents a woman who gives birth to the Messiah and is then pursued by the dragon (Satan), evoking both Israel and Mary.
Catholic reading
While the woman symbolizes Israel/the Church corporately, the Church has always seen in her the fullest personal fulfillment in Mary, the Mother of the Messiah, crowned and glorified, supporting devotion to her as Queen and typological fulfillment of Genesis 3:15.
Common objection
This woman is purely a symbol for Israel or the Church, unrelated to the historical Mary.
Response
Corporate and personal meanings are not exclusive in biblical typology; since the 'man child' is explicitly the Messiah who 'rules all nations' (v.5, quoting Psalm 2), his literal mother is naturally included in the fullest sense of the vision, as the early Church recognized.